Ornithopter Mk.IV, wing linkage and fuselage, sheet 3 of 7 A blueprint of a fictional human-powered flapping-wing aircraft: side elevation with pilot, pedal drive, chain and gearbox; plan view with twin-spar wings whose tips sweep as they flap; and a front-elevation section A-A showing the counter-rotating crank gears, connecting rods and rocker levers. A bill of materials, revision table and title block are drawn at the right. Use the crank RPM slider to speed the mechanism up or slow it down. 12345678 12345678 ABCDEF ABCDEF ORNITHOPTER Mk.IV — WING LINKAGE & FUSELAGE GENERAL ARRANGEMENT · MECHANISM STUDY · HUMAN-POWERED FLAPPING-WING AIRCRAFT · SHEET 3 OF 7 KITTIWAKE & DRAKE AEROMECHANICAL WORKS · WORKSHOP 9 · EST. 1931 ORNITHOPTER Mk.IV WING LINKAGE & FUSELAGE SCALE1:20 SHEET3 OF 7 DRAWNE.R.V. CHECKEDT.H. DATE09.11.62 DWG NO. · REVKD-IV-003 D REVDESCRIPTIONDATEBY AFIRST ISSUE FOR CHECKING14.02.62E.R.V. BCRANK THROW 150 TO 170 · LEVER LENGTHENED22.05.62E.R.V. CWING RIBS 36 TO 48 · MEMBRANE ADDED03.09.62T.H. DGEARBOX TO PYLON HEAD · RATIO 2.5:109.11.62E.R.V. ITEMDESCRIPTIONQTYMATERIAL / SPEC BILL OF MATERIALSALL MASSES AND SPECS ARE ILLUSTRATIVE 1FUSELAGE FRAME, TUBE TRUSS1CR-MO 4130 Ø25 2PILOT SEAT & HARNESS1AL + WEBBING 3PEDAL CRANK SET, 170 MM17075-T6 4CHAIN DRIVE 08B, 2.5 : 11STEEL Z24 / Z60 5GEARBOX HOUSING1AL 6061-T6 6CRANK GEAR PAIR, Z20 M42STEEL 16MNCR5 7CONNECTING ROD, 336 MM2TI-6AL-4V TUBE 8ROCKER LEVER, 189 MM2AL 7075-T6 9WING SPAR, TWIN Ø454CARBON / EPOXY 10WING RIB, 3 MM48BALSA, CARBON CAP 11WING MEMBRANE, 38 G/M²2RIPSTOP NYLON 12TAIL BOOM & EMPENNAGE1CR-MO + FOAM SIDE ELEVATIONSCALE 1:20 · PILOT AND PEDAL DRIVE SHOWN IN MID-STROKE PLANSCALE 1:20 · WINGS SHOWN AT MEAN FLAP ANGLE (DASHED) AND LIVE C.G. AT 28% MAC AA SECTION A–A WING DRIVE · FRONT ELEVATION LOOKING FORWARD · SCALE 1:5 FLAP ψ = +0.0° WING ELEVATION FROM THE CRANK-ROCKER GEAR CENTRES 252 · CRANK R 91 · ROD 336 · LEVER 189 rods must clear the gear teeth at about 186°. check! GENERAL NOTES 1. ALL DIMENSIONS IN MM UNLESS NOTED. 2. TUBE CR-MO 4130 Ø25 × 1.2 UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED. 3. FASTENERS AN3 / AN4, SAFETY-WIRED. 4. RATIO PEDAL : WING CRANK = 2.5 : 1. 5. FLAP STROKE 63.5° TOTAL: DOWNSTROKE 166° OF CRANK, UPSTROKE 194°. 6. EMPENNAGE SHEET 4, CONTROLS SHEET 5. DO NOT SCALE FROM THIS DRAWING. D gearbox moved to the pylon head, 2.5:1 DIRECTION OF FLIGHT knee clearance?? check w/ T.H. before we cut any tube! wing flexes, tip lags the root by ~40°. that is the point. tips sweep fore-aft as they beat (dashed loop = tip trace) (coffee is not a structural member) no flying above 8 m/s, please. the wind has opinions.

Drag to pan · wheel or pinch to zoom · hover a bill-of-materials row to find the part

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Bill of materials, ornithopter Mk.IV sheet 3 (illustrative)
ItemDescriptionQtyMaterial
1Fuselage frame, tube truss1Cr-Mo 4130
2Pilot seat and harness1Aluminium and webbing
3Pedal crank set, 170 mm17075-T6
4Chain drive 08B, 2.5 to 11Steel
5Gearbox housing1Aluminium 6061-T6
6Crank gear pair, 20 teeth module 42Steel 16MnCr5
7Connecting rod, 336 mm2Titanium tube
8Rocker lever, 189 mm2Aluminium 7075-T6
9Wing spar, twin4Carbon and epoxy
10Wing rib, 3 mm48Balsa with carbon caps
11Wing membrane2Ripstop nylon
12Tail boom and empennage1Cr-Mo and foam