Caldera
Volcán Tecalate · Guatemala

It has not erupted
since 1974,
and it is thinking about it.

A volcano is a conversation between pressure and patience. Every day the magma chamber makes a little more gas; every day the rock above it gets a little heavier. One day the conversation ends in an afternoon.

Chamber pressure112 MPa
Seismic activity0.2 / day
Ash fall0 km
ACT ONE

Dormant

Steam from a fumarole on the north flank. The last eruption put 2.1 km of ash over four villages and nobody was hurt, which surprises people every time.

ACT TWO

Eruption

A column rises eleven kilometres in four hours, and the wind takes it east. The first pyroclastic flow arrives at 03:40 and finishes the job.

ACT THREE

Collapse

The summit falls in on itself. A caldera 1.4 km across forms in ninety seconds, and the mountain is now 400 metres shorter than the map says.

Height3,812 m

Before 1974. 3,410 m now, if the last collapse is confirmed.

Last eruption1974

52 days of ash production, then nothing for half a century.

RockAndesite

Silica-rich, viscous, and therefore explosive rather than effusive.

Plates2

The Cocos plate subducts beneath the Caribbean at roughly 8 cm a year.